According to different tooth profile curves, ordinary cylindrical worms can be divided into Archimedes worms (ZA worms), involute worms (ZI worms), normal straight profile worms (ZN worms) and conical enveloping cylindrical worms (ZK worms). Worm ZN worm) and other four.
Archimedes worm
Archimedes worm (ZA worm) This kind of worm, on the plane perpendicular to the worm axis (ie the end face), the tooth profile is an Archimedes spiral, and the tooth profile on the plane containing the axis (ie the axial tooth profile) is a straight line, and its tooth profile angle α0=20°. It can be turned on a lathe with a single tool (when the lead angle γ≤3°) or a double tool (when γ>3°) with a straight edge. When installing the tool, the top surface of the cutting edge must pass through the axis of the worm. This kind of worm is difficult to grind, and it is inconvenient to process when the lead angle is large.Involute worm (ZI worm) The tooth profile of the end face of this worm is involute, so it is equivalent to an involute cylindrical helical gear with a small number of teeth (the number of teeth is equal to the number of worm heads) and a large helix angle. ZI worms can be turned on a lathe with two straight-edged turning tools. The top surface of the cutting edge should be tangent to the base cylinder, with one tool above the worm axis and the other below the worm axis. The tooth profile angle of the tool should be equal to the base cylindrical helix angle of the worm. This worm can be ground on a special machine.
Cone enveloping cylindrical worm (ZK worm) This is a nonlinear helical surface worm. It cannot be machined on a lathe, it can only be milled on a milling machine and ground on a grinder. During processing, in addition to the helical motion of the workpiece, the tool rotates around its own axis at the same time. At this time, the envelope surface of the rotary surface of the milling cutter (or grinding wheel) is the helical tooth surface of the worm, and the tooth profiles on the I-I and N-N sections are all curves. This kind of worm is easy to grind, and the worm has high precision and is widely used.
As for the Worm Gear tooth profile paired with the above types of worms, it completely varies with the tooth profile of the worm. Worm gears are generally machined with a hob or fly cutter on a gear hobbing machine. In order to ensure that the worm and the worm gear can mesh correctly, the tooth profile of the hob cutting worm gear should be consistent with the tooth profile of the worm; the center distance during deep cutting should also be the same as the center distance of the worm drive.
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